diff --git a/packages/core/src/PageAgentCore.ts b/packages/core/src/PageAgentCore.ts
index 2716043..97afc1a 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/PageAgentCore.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/PageAgentCore.ts
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
  * Copyright (C) 2025 Alibaba Group Holding Limited
  * All rights reserved.
  */
-import { LLM, type Tool } from '@page-agent/llms'
+import { InvokeError, LLM, type Tool } from '@page-agent/llms'
 import type { PageController } from '@page-agent/page-controller'
 import chalk from 'chalk'
 import zod from 'zod'
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ export class PageAgentCore extends EventTarget {
 			this.#emitHistoryChange()
 		})
 		this.#llm.addEventListener('error', (e) => {
-			const { error } = (e as CustomEvent).detail
+			const error = (e as CustomEvent).detail.error as Error | InvokeError
 			const message = String(error)
 			this.emitActivity({ type: 'error', message })
 			// Also push to history for panel rendering
@@ -115,6 +115,7 @@ export class PageAgentCore extends EventTarget {
 				type: 'error',
 				errorType: 'error',
 				message,
+				rawResponse: (error as InvokeError).rawResponse,
 			})
 			this.#emitHistoryChange()
 		})
diff --git a/packages/core/src/types.ts b/packages/core/src/types.ts
index b63c008..91c94a0 100644
--- a/packages/core/src/types.ts
+++ b/packages/core/src/types.ts
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ export interface ErrorEvent {
 	message: string
 	attempt?: number
 	maxAttempts?: number
+	rawResponse?: unknown
 }
 
 /**
diff --git a/packages/llms/src/OpenAIClient.ts b/packages/llms/src/OpenAIClient.ts
index 72dfd56..f9273a7 100644
--- a/packages/llms/src/OpenAIClient.ts
+++ b/packages/llms/src/OpenAIClient.ts
@@ -107,14 +107,23 @@ export class OpenAIClient implements LLMClient {
 			case 'length':
 				throw new InvokeError(
 					InvokeErrorType.CONTEXT_LENGTH,
-					'Response truncated: max tokens reached'
+					'Response truncated: max tokens reached',
+					undefined,
+					data
 				)
 			case 'content_filter':
-				throw new InvokeError(InvokeErrorType.CONTENT_FILTER, 'Content filtered by safety system')
+				throw new InvokeError(
+					InvokeErrorType.CONTENT_FILTER,
+					'Content filtered by safety system',
+					undefined,
+					data
+				)
 			default:
 				throw new InvokeError(
 					InvokeErrorType.UNKNOWN,
-					`Unexpected finish_reason: ${choice.finish_reason}`
+					`Unexpected finish_reason: ${choice.finish_reason}`,
+					undefined,
+					data
 				)
 		}
 
@@ -128,7 +137,8 @@ export class OpenAIClient implements LLMClient {
 			throw new InvokeError(
 				InvokeErrorType.NO_TOOL_CALL,
 				'No tool call found in response',
-				normalizedData
+				undefined,
+				data
 			)
 		}
 
@@ -137,7 +147,8 @@ export class OpenAIClient implements LLMClient {
 			throw new InvokeError(
 				InvokeErrorType.UNKNOWN,
 				`Tool "${toolCallName}" not found in tools`,
-				normalizedData
+				undefined,
+				data
 			)
 		}
 
@@ -147,7 +158,8 @@ export class OpenAIClient implements LLMClient {
 			throw new InvokeError(
 				InvokeErrorType.INVALID_TOOL_ARGS,
 				'No tool call arguments found',
-				normalizedData
+				undefined,
+				data
 			)
 		}
 
@@ -158,7 +170,8 @@ export class OpenAIClient implements LLMClient {
 			throw new InvokeError(
 				InvokeErrorType.INVALID_TOOL_ARGS,
 				'Failed to parse tool arguments as JSON',
-				error
+				error,
+				data
 			)
 		}
 
@@ -169,7 +182,8 @@ export class OpenAIClient implements LLMClient {
 			throw new InvokeError(
 				InvokeErrorType.INVALID_TOOL_ARGS,
 				'Tool arguments validation failed',
-				validation.error
+				validation.error,
+				data
 			)
 		}
 		const toolInput = validation.data
@@ -182,7 +196,8 @@ export class OpenAIClient implements LLMClient {
 			throw new InvokeError(
 				InvokeErrorType.TOOL_EXECUTION_ERROR,
 				`Tool execution failed: ${(e as Error).message}`,
-				e
+				e,
+				data
 			)
 		}
 
diff --git a/packages/llms/src/errors.ts b/packages/llms/src/errors.ts
index 5aa05e1..4970d4c 100644
--- a/packages/llms/src/errors.ts
+++ b/packages/llms/src/errors.ts
@@ -25,14 +25,18 @@ export class InvokeError extends Error {
 	type: InvokeErrorType
 	retryable: boolean
 	statusCode?: number
+	/* raw error (provided if this error is caused by another error) */
 	rawError?: unknown
+	/* raw response from the API (provided if this error is caused by an API calling) */
+	rawResponse?: unknown
 
-	constructor(type: InvokeErrorType, message: string, rawError?: unknown) {
+	constructor(type: InvokeErrorType, message: string, rawError?: unknown, rawResponse?: unknown) {
 		super(message)
 		this.name = 'InvokeError'
 		this.type = type
 		this.retryable = this.isRetryable(type)
 		this.rawError = rawError
+		this.rawResponse = rawResponse
 	}
 
 	private isRetryable(type: InvokeErrorType): boolean {
diff --git a/packages/llms/src/index.ts b/packages/llms/src/index.ts
index fb9f9ed..12a861a 100644
--- a/packages/llms/src/index.ts
+++ b/packages/llms/src/index.ts
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ import { DEFAULT_TEMPERATURE, LLM_MAX_RETRIES } from './constants'
 import { InvokeError } from './errors'
 import type { InvokeOptions, InvokeResult, LLMClient, LLMConfig, Message, Tool } from './types'
 
-export type { InvokeOptions, InvokeResult, LLMClient, LLMConfig, Message, Tool }
+export type { InvokeError, InvokeOptions, InvokeResult, LLMClient, LLMConfig, Message, Tool }
 
 export function parseLLMConfig(config: LLMConfig): Required<LLMConfig> {
 	// Runtime validation as defensive programming (types already guarantee these)